Down syndrome is named after Dr. John Langdon down’s syndrome, is a genetic disorder leading to mental retardation. Down’s syndrome is associated with a genetic disorder – the presence of an extra chromosome. Usually a person has 46 chromosomes, but the child with down syndrome 47. This leads to impaired physical and mental development of the child. About 1 in 660 newborns is born with down syndrome, regardless of ethnic and socio-cultural facilities.
Types of Down syndrome:
95% of patients with down syndrome observed standard trisomy of the 21 chromosome. Still do not know exactly why this violation occurs. This can be any of a newborn.
About one in 100 patients with the second type of down syndrome is inherited from one parent has a genetic disease called translocation.
The third type is called mosaic down syndrome and is also pretty rare
Causes of syndrome Down
In most cases, the cause is the presence of an additional 47 chromosomes.
In a normal person, only forty-six chromosomes, and people with down syndrome, their forty-seven. The extra chromosome is considered to be the result of disturbed maturation of germ cells. Under normal division of immature germ cells is the divergence of paired chromosomes, in which each Mature reproductive cell receives twenty-three chromosomes. As for down syndrome, it arises from the fact that some of the chromosome pairs failed to separate. In the end, the baby is in the presence of an extra twenty-first chromosome.
Symptoms of syndrome Down
Typically, the down syndrome is diagnosed at birth. But if you have doubts, you need to pay attention to your baby’s doctor if your child:
flat face;- short neck;
- irregular shape of the ears;
- white spots on the iris;
- raised the corners of the eyes;
- one of the transverse crease on the palm;
- lack of muscle tone.
Complications syndrome Down’s
- hypothyroidism;
- hearing loss;
- genetic heart disease;
- visual impairment;
- prone to frequent infectious diseases;
- developmental disorders of the spinal cord.
What to do if your child has Down Syndrome
To consult a doctor if you think your child has any signs of down syndrome.
Check whether the child has significant delays in development.
To refer you to a pediatrician specializing in genetic diseases, for the treatment and consultation for the care and upbringing of the child. Currently in United States there are several methods that adjust the child’s development (in some cases significantly).
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